What is China doing on the moon?

What is China doing on the moon?

This year, when the New Year began, various websites on social media and the Internet showed New Year's greetings, while in the scientific world, to hear the news about the spacecraft sent to the moon by China. Meet

The Chinese spacecraft, Cheng 4, was sent from the Chinese mainland to the moon on December 7 and landed on the surface of the moon on January 2. Now it is worth noting what is so special about this Chinese space mission. Is it true that scientific websites around the world appear to be writing articles and blogs on it?

Cheng 4 differs from all previous human and non-human space missions sent to the moon in that it landed on the "dark side" of the moon. As we know that on some days of the month we sometimes see the crescent moon and sometimes the full moon but the spotted part of the moon remains the same in all these shapes. We see only one facet of the moon because of this. The moon cannot move freely due to the gravity of the earth. This condition is called "tidal locking" in astronomical terms.
Due to this tidal locking, both the axial and orbital rotations of the moon are completed in 5 days. This means that the moon is lighter for 14 days and darker for 14 days than the earth.

Since the beginning of this space-age, many spacecraft have taken pictures of the dark side of the moon, including the Apollo spacecraft, but no spacecraft has landed on this part because the moon is facing the Earth. Is always on the other side of the Earth, so if a spacecraft landed there, it would be permanently disconnected from the Earth. With that in mind, China sent a satellite "Qiqu" around the moon on May 2, which will receive signals from Cheng4 and send them to Earth. I left behind and came to the first seat.

The Cheng 4 consists of two parts, a robotic lander and a lunar vehicle called the "Yatu 2". It is also worth noting that the part of the moon where Cheng 4 landed is called the "Aitken Basin" and is not only the largest, deepest and oldest crater on the moon but also the largest crater in the solar system. Is also one of An Indian satellite orbiting the moon near the Atkinson Basin has recently discovered frozen water, and Cheng 4 will collect soil samples from the moon, giving scientists more information about the moon.

Cheng 4 has carried out many new experiments on the surface of the moon and its goals include astronomical observations, biological experiments, and geographical research.

There are many difficulties in observing radio observatories on Earth because most of the time the data obtained from these telescopes interfere with the radio signals in the world and the results are not accurate, but scientists believe that if If astronomical observations were made on this dark part of the moon, 300,000 kilometers away from the earth, where the radio waves generated on the earth are inaccessible, it is quite possible that these results could give us more information about the Big Bang. ۔ With this in mind, Cheng will also make 4 astronomical observations and send the information to Earth.

In addition, the spacecraft also carries a canister, which has been developed by the joint efforts of six Chinese universities. It included a variety of plants including cotton, mustard, potatoes, and seeds of a flowering plant. As well as fruit bee eggs were also present in this canister. Shortly after Cheng 4's landing on the moon, small seeds sprouted from the seeds, and at the same time it was a major step forward in astronomy from China, but over the next few days, The side and rear, where Cheng 4 is located, sank into darkness.

We know that there is no atmosphere on the moon due to which the temperature of the moon during the day is about 3 degrees Celsius while in the darkness of night the mercury drops to minus 3 degrees Celsius. Therefore, as soon as darkness fell on the surface of the moon, these small plants could not survive due to low temperature and thus life was born on the moon for the first time and the next day the moon was covered with desolation again.

The "dark part" of the moon is also important because that part is not as spotty as the earth's face. Erupts from volcanoes) and these pits came into being as a result of many space rocks colliding with the surface of the moon. No, because when the moon was going through its formation, the surface of the dark part of the moon became thicker and cooler than the surface of the visible part of the earth due to "tidal looking". That is why there is no solid lava in the dark part.

However, China has once again embarked on a new race to the moon and another world, so it remains to be seen which of the United States and Russia will compete. But it is clear that of course. It looks like a space race, but it only benefits humanity.